Jesus Language Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Jesus Language - Essay Example Jesus parables had elements in them that differentiated from parables used by others during his time. These features made his parables effective and memorable. It drew listeners and audiences because they talked of things familiar to the average man on the street and yet provided unusual endings. There are several theories why Jesus used parables in his teachings, one of which is to conceal his teachings and made him less susceptible to charges of sedition as he had then many enemies ready to seize on his every word and use them to destroy him in the eyes of the public. Although His use of parables as a teaching tool was effective immortalizing these teachings and messages even after His time, the application of parables to contemporary times is not desirable. For one, there are many modern teaching tools available today that can more than substitute the purpose of parables like visual aids. In addition, the condition in Jesus time is not the same as today. The word ‘parable’ is an umbrella term that covers many parts of figurative speech. Parables are used both in the Old and New Testaments. The Old Testament’s equivalent for the word is â€Å"Mà £shà £l† which means proverb, similitude or parable and applied broadly to all those in which ideas are presented in imagery. An example of this is Proverbs 10:2 â€Å"Treasures of wickedness profit nothing, but righteousness delivereth from death.† In the New Testament, the word parable does not confine itself to Christ’s parables, characterized as lengthened narratives, although they are the most numerous. Two Greek words - parabolà ¨ and paroimia -, correspond to the word parable in the NT. The first word means â€Å"likeness or resemblance.† The second means â€Å"â€Å"adage, dark saying, wayside saying, a proverb, a presentation deviating from the usual means of speaking.† The importance of a

Patterns of Oppression and the Role of Tackling Oppression in the Soci Essay

Patterns of Oppression and the Role of Tackling Oppression in the Society - Essay Example It is a social responsibility to oversee the growth, education, community development and the well-being of every child and youth all over the world without any kind of discrimination. (Cameron C. and Moss P. 2011). In the nineteenth century, the community had divided themselves where a certain group of people were seen as pedagogues who were usually slaves to the people of higher statuses in the community. They were seen as people with no rights at all and most of them got little or no education at all. They were also mistreated and they lived in deplorable living conditions (Chapman, and Hobbel, 2010). The fight for these peoples’ rights has been fought by numerous numbers of individuals since time immemorial. This study will be analysing the writings of Alinsky and Freire regarding the patterns of oppression in the society and the role of education in tackling social pedagogy. Paulo Freire, a professor born in Brazil also came up with topics concerning liberation. He authored a number of books. His first book was the education as the practice of freedom that was inspired by an experiment he had performed on workers who were taught to read and write in just 45 days (Jackson, 2007:199-213). He later wrote the infamous â€Å"pedagogy of the oppressed†. In the book, he explained the importance of education in the society. And also he thought that the only way the community could ease the oppression and human suffering was through education. This means that for a section of society to be free, education is a key factor in the struggle against oppression (Beck, and Purcell, 2010). Freire mostly focused on the educational process where he termed education as â€Å"never neutral† in that knowledge could be passed indiscriminately from one person to the other whether young or old. He believed that by doing so, people could change the community they lived in and beyond (Jackson S. 2007: 199-213).  Ã‚  

Indian Camp

Indian Camp Mikolaj Marciniak [essay om indian camp] (While writing this essay I didnt have my book with me, so I had to find the story online. Therefore I did not include any line-page references; I gave examples from the text instead) Growing up can vary from country to country, from city to city, and from family to family. In this case, we have a young boy named Nick, who is the main character in â€Å"Indian Camp†, and who is under the process of growing up and he is experiencing it the hard way. The other main theme of the story is life and death, as the sick Indian lady gives birth to a child, and her husband commits suicide because of her sufferings and maybe some other reasons. There are three main characters in the story: Nick, a young child, Nicks dad, a medical doctor, and Uncle George, Nicks uncle. Nowhere in the story is it stated that they are white (Caucasian) nor that they are related to each other. The reader might get a different impression due to the use of the word ‘Uncle. However let us assume that they are of Indian descent. In Indian societies, words like ‘uncle and ‘auntie have the same meaning as words in American societies ‘mister and ‘misses. Assuming that Nick and his Dad are Indians, this might explain why Nicks dad doesnt have anesthetic or proper cutting tools, such as scalpels or sutures. Oh, Daddy, cant you give her something to make her stop screaming? asked Nick. No. I havent any anesthetic, his father said. But her screams are not important. I dont hear them because they are not important. It is because Native Americans do not always agree with modern society technologies; they rely on their strong faith when it comes to medical curing and rejuvenation. Regardless of how one would interpret Nicks dads job, it is unarguable that although he is very good at his job, he has also limited equipment, meaning that he and his son might indeed be of Indian descent. As stated before, Nicks father appears to be an educated person that is helping his under-educated society. For a very long time ago a doctor was just as important as the leader of a tribe. In some cases even more so. Everybody followed his directions without question even though the methods were in most cases ridiculous. Nowadays this authority has been minimized and doctors ways often become questioned and they are simple ordinary people. In â€Å"Indian Camp† Nicks father is presented as an ordinary person, with nobody bowing down or kneeling to him. Nicks father appears to be a very simple person with ordinary hobbies such as fishing. This is shown in the text by Nick operating the lady with a jack-knife, which is normally used for gutting a fish. Thats one for the medical journal, George, he said. Doing a Caesarian with a jack-knife and sewing it up with nine-foot, tapered gut leaders. Another example in the text that emphasizes this is when Nicks father rows the boat back home, just like people after a long day of fishing. Nick rowing the boat is also another proof of them being Indian, although this is not presented directly in the text. It is because if Nick and his father were white, the guides would have surely rowed them back home. Where did they go, by the way? Uncle George is a slightly controversial character. Everybody seems to know him around the camp. It is known that when women give birth and the father is near them, they usually scream at the father. In â€Å"Indian Camp†, the mother bites George, reflecting the mentioned behavior in some way. In return, George calls her â€Å"squaw bitch† which could be a sign of intimacy. If all this evidence isnt enough to prove my point that George might be the father, he also gives out cigars, which is a well known â€Å"tradition†. Last but not least, the reason the husband commits suicide is not just the screaming but because his wife is giving birth to a baby that is not his. The Indian lay with his face toward the wall. His throat had been cut from ear to ear. The blood had flowed down into a pool where his body sagged the bunk. His head rested on his left arm. The open razor lay, edge up, in the blankets. The last sentence of the citation above can be confusing. Razor? This cutting tool is fairly newer than a jack-knife, what is it doing in hands of a person that is apparently poorer than the doctor? Could Uncle George have had relations with the mother for money? If so, he might have been able to afford a razor and then give it to the poor Indian, knowing that he would use it to kill himself. In conclusion, I would like to state that there are many ways for the reader to interpret the story. Hemingway consciously wrote the story in a manner that only a little percentage is being exposed to the reader, meaning that we have to assume a lot and conclude Hemingways thoughts to make the story complete. According to me, the two main themes are growing up and life and death. The story gives two different messages: horrors of growing up, and reasons for committing suicide. In both messages, Hemmingway warns us indirectly against the mistakes parents can make unknowingly while raising their children, and what cheating can lead to: if my theory was right, the husband committed suicide because the mother cheated, the suicide therefore results in another childs life being destroyed.

Further Celebration at Heorot :: Essays Papers

Further Celebration at Heorot PASSAGE SUMMARY Beowulf returns to Heorot after the heroic fight with Grendel's mother; and the Danish warriors, who were unable to stop the monsters' attacks themselves, salute the greatest of Geats. Beowulf greets Hrothgar and tells him about the war under water, the failure of Hrunting, and the slaying of Grendel's mother with the sword he found in the cave: "The sword itself had already melted, its patterned blade burned away: the blood was too hot for it, the spirit that had died there too poisonous" ( Norton, p.48). He presents the golden hilt of the giant sword to Hrothgar, who is grateful to Beowulf for making the land of the Danes free of monsters. Beowulf also brings Grendel's head as the evidence of his glory. Hrothgar then reminds Beowulf about the sin of hubris and tells him the story of Heremod as an example of what happens when that sin overtakes a man. The king also advises the hero, "Have no care for pride, great warrior" (Norton, p.49). Then everyone at Heorot enjoys a great feast. The next day, Beowulf returns Hrunting to Unferth, but says nothing about the sword's failure. Important Names BEOWULF is the remarkable hero of the Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf, "the greatest of the surviving epics composed by the Germanic peoples" (Norton, 22). He is famous for his strength ("he has in his handgrip the strength of thirty men") and for his courage in fighting monsters. In the epic, Beowulf fights Grendel, a hateful monster who terrorizes Heorot; Grendel's mother, who tries to avenge the death of her son; and the Dragon, who threatens Beowulf's tribe and burns his hall. HROTHGAR is the noble and wise king of Danes. He is referred to as "protector of warriors" and "ring-giver," the latter epithet used to tell readers he is generous. He builds a magnificent mead-hall, Heorot, which becomes threatened by Grendel. Unable to fight Grendel himself, Hrothgar and his people suffer from his attacks for years until Beowulf comes and offers his services. GRENDEL is a monster who is a descendant of Cain, the brother-slayer. For twelve years, Grendel attacks Heorot and kills Danish people: "he wanted no peace with any of the men of the Danish host" (Norton, 29). Hrothgar, the Danish king, doesn't have enough strength to fight Grendel. Only Beowulf can rescue the Danes from the monster's attacks.

Autobiography of Lacocca

Lee Iacocca grew up in Allentown Pennsylvania, very close to my hometown of Boyertown Pa. My geographic connection with Iacocca is one of the reasons I chose to read his autobiography. We are both very interested in automobiles and automotive history, which connected me even further with Iacocca . Iacocca believes that you can become and achieve anything in life as long as you have strong determination and motivation. I too share this belief. Lee Iacocca did not focus his life on goals that others set for him; he followed his heart and his dreams, which someday is something I hope to be able to say about myself. Iacocca, the son of Italian immigrants grew up in an upper middle class family. His father started out with nothing and over many years, he managed to build a successful chain of hotdog restaurants in Pennsylvania. Because of his father's success and strong beliefs in the value of education, Iacocca grew up attending private schools and eventually found his way into Lehigh University. While attending, Lehigh Iacocca earned a degree in Mechanical engineering. Upon his graduation, he landed a very prestigious job with Ford Motor Company. In August 1946, Iacocca began his work in the engineering department of Ford. After a year of engineering Iacocca discovered that it was not what he wanted to do with his life, he wanted to be in sales. Ford agreed, which was the start of a very successful venture for Iacocca and the Ford Motor Company. Through many years of hard work, Iacocca was promoted to top management. This is where he found himself living his dream. He never wanted to leave work at the end of the day and could not wait to go back the next morning. Although Iacocca was doing very well and could not be happier, the Ford Motor Company was going through hard times. General Motors was really hurting Ford in sales and in innovations. In the late 50's and early 60's Ford produced cars that were just not selling and were real failures in the industry. Iacacco knew something had to be done, and he convinced president and CEO Henry Ford Jr. that he was the man to do it. Through many months of close arduous work with Ford's design team, Iaccoca came up with the Idea of the Mustang. Ford Jr. as not at all excited about the idea, but at this point he figured he had nothing to lose. He decided to give Iacocca's â€Å"Mustang† a shot. This shot in the dark not only turned out to be the Ford Motor Companies' biggest success, but also the biggest automotive success in the world. In the first quarter of 1964, Mustang sales marked the highest level of automotive sales in history. In one year 418,812 â€Å"Stangs† were sold to American car buyers. No matter what anyone said, Iacocca was convinced that his Mustang would be a success. Actually, it ended up single handedly saving the Ford Motor Company from bankruptcy. At this point, Iacocca was known as a powerful and knowledgeable force in the automotive industry. However, this success and power came at a price. Henry Ford Jr. saw the success and praise Iacocca was receiving. He became scared that Iacocca was working toward eventually taking over Henry Ford's position as president and CEO of Ford Motor Company. The only solution Henry Ford saw to this problem was to fire Iacocca before he had the chance to take over his position at the top. Being fired after over 30 years of successful work at Ford left Iacocca scared and bitter towards Ford forever. At the age of fifty-four Iacocca felt too young to retire but too old to start working in a new kind of business. It turned out that he would not even have time to think about that dilemma. Chrysler was a failing company who needed the expertise and knowledge of Iacocca. Meetings between Iacocca and Chrysler were kept secret as to not involve the media. Iacocca wanted to be his own man; he was tired of working under someone else. He would not take a job with Chrysler unless he could be CEO and president. Chrysler accepted these terms and Iacocca began the challenging but rewarding job of building up a fallen company his own way. Chrysler became a success as the third biggest automotive company in just over two years with Iacocca as president and CEO. Iacocca went on to create many innovations and top selling models such as the Minnie van and many others. He will always be remembered as a huge achiever in the automotive industry and a man that became successful by following his heart and never giving up on his goals and dreams. This is a great book for anyone who is interested in becoming successful under their own terms and doing something, which they love. I learned through reading this autobiography that life is full of twists and turns but it is up to us to make them a positive force rather than a negative one. This book will inspire anyone who as a strong desire to achieve their dreams in life and it might even light a fire inside you to go out and make those dreams a reality.

David Hume- Aesthetics

David Hume is one of the most significant thinkers among the Enlightenment. He is motivated by the question what is beauty, and how certain responses to artwork reflect objectivity. Hume’s essay of 1757,â€Å"Of the Standard of Taste† elegantly describes examples of the tradition of aesthetic judgment The growth of scientific knowledge influenced a sense of general optimism among Enlightenment thinkers. This sense of optimism in result called for a more critical use of human intellect. By overturning long established dogmas, people scrutinized the very prerogatives of reason in relation to political and religious institutions.During this same time, theorists were trying to take account of all the various creative activities that were occurring such as poetry, music, dance, architecture, and sculpture etc. They generalized them into one category of â€Å"fine arts† or â€Å"beaux arts† assuming all activities were unified by the common function and purpose; pleasure. Hume devotes his aesthetic philosophy to describe and analyze art and taste within the field of criticism. clea Humes essay â€Å"Standard of Taste† is divided into four major parts. First part compares the two views of artistic values. He supports the idea of common sense what it comes to judging artwork.It seems from this philosophy that no response to artwork can be wrong because personal taste varies throughout people and therefore cannot be dismissed. Hume rejects the conclusion that beauty simply equates with the sentiment of pleasure received by the object or thing. This is because he says sentiment â€Å"exists merely in the mind† which makes no individual response more superior than another. The Second stage of Humes argument The third stage that Hume discusses in his essay (17 through 27) outlines what he believes constitutes a true judge of art and what may be required to improve ones own standard for judging art. Strong sense, united to delicate sentiment, improved by practice, perfected by comparison, and cleared of all prejudice. † These specific factors in his mind would result in an individual worthy of a true judgment of at least a certain kind of artwork. In the fourth and concluding stage Hume stems from the third in the concept of who is the true standard. While seeking this specific critic of beauty one has to also take into account peculiar circumstances that may effect the experience and overall judgment of works.Circumstances can arise from unavoidable prejudices, which even the best critics cant avoid. Factors of natural differences such as age can result in generational differences, as well as cultural biases. A critics moral outlook constitutes as another circumstance that may complicate the judgment of certain kinds of works. Moderate moralism, Hume advocates as the best position to view works in because it confine circumstances where a work will be blemished by improper moral attitudes. David Hume was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on May 7, 1711. He was a philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist.He is regarded as one of the most important thinkers of Western philosophy and the Enlightenment. He is known especially for his philosophical empiricism or sense derived knowledge and skepticism and also for his influence on another important thinker during the Enlightenment, Emanuel Kant. Hume constantly tried to describe how the mind works in regards to knowledge and how the mind works. Experience meant a lot to Hume because he thought it served as the basis of his theory of knowledge. Hume attended the University of Edinburgh at the extraordinarily young age of 10 or 12.At first his family and him thought that a career in law was what his future may entail due to a family tradition on both sides. Yet, later he had become inspired by the different pursuits of philosophy. After a nervous breakdown and a few years to recover in 1729, he tried a job in a merchants office in 1734. He then came to a turning point in his life where he retired to France to spend the majority of his time studying and writing. During this time spent Hume produced a writing which was separated into three books called A Treatise of Human Nature.These books was the first of Hume’s attempts at a full fledged philosophical endeavor. It was certainly his most thoroughly written product of his thoughts mostly explaining his theories about mans process of thought and knowledge. During his younger years, Hume was earning enough money to gain leisure for his philosophical studies. In this time he wrote, rewrote, and added to the book, Treatise. It was in this set of three books that Hume developed his mature thought about the nature of reasoning in regards to fact and experience.The growth of scientific knowledge influenced a sense of general optimism among Enlightenment thinkers. This sense of optimism in result called for a more critical use of human intellect. By overturning long es tablished dogmas, people scrutinized the very prerogatives of reason in relation to political and religious institutions. Hume was the first philosopher of the post medieval world to reformulate the skepticism of the ancients. (Cranston) His conclusion that man is more a creature of senses and practical sentiment or taste than that of reason guided many prominent philosophers to follow.Hume’s general analysis of measuring the aesthetic experience of an object or thing is generated from a personal taste. He believes that there is no wrong evaluative response to a work of art. No reaction or opinion can be dismissed simply because it maybe disfavored by the majority. If something is beautiful to someone then this fact cannot be argued or judged upon by another. Of course, this philosophy comes with certain limitations and specifications determining who is worthy of true judgment of works according to David Hume.In Hume’s essay he outlines what people can do to improve on e’s taste and what kind of qualities must be instilled to qualify as a true judge of at least some kinds of works of art. Five qualities, Hume says, would qualify for this job. â€Å"Strong sense, united to delicate sentiment, improved by practice, perfected by comparison, and cleared of all prejudice†. These conditions he believes need to be evident in order to achieve a more qualified personal taste towards a specific kind of work. Even with the best critics there can be certain complicating circumstances that can interfere with judgment.Hume believes these kinds of unavoidable prejudices come from a matter of moral outlook. Bias that comes from individual morality varies greatly and Hume thinks that this can be a huge flaw when it comes to a persons judgment of work. Hume advocates a position of moderate moralism when it comes to â€Å"the natural boundaries of vice and virtue†. This way the works being exposed to the individual judge will not be blemished by overt premonitions. When interpreting Hume’s essay about taste it is hard not to consider the possibility of contradiction because he recommends two very different standards.Hume seeks to find the true rule regarding how to measure sentiments of beauty in regards to personal taste. In doing so, the reader receives two sources of ideas from this search. The question now is whether a good critic defines good art, or good art in terms of good critics. Another aspect regarding Hume’s essay is the very idealistic vision of the most qualified judge of beauty. I find that this ideal critic couldn’t possibly exist because it is only natural for our different background of culture, morals, and religion to effect our opinions.Tastes in Hume’s context are the pleasures or displeasures that a person can take in the beauties of poems, paintings, and other artistic compositions. For Hume, taste is the capacity for one to react and conceive responses based on external stimuli. This ability to correspond external stimuli with an initial response or reaction is what we would call an â€Å"aesthetic experience†. When looking at works of art one can either accept it as pleasurable and attractive or disregard it as ugly or unpleasant. Both of these separate reactions require such experience to occur.In addition, the value judgments that occur in result indefinitely effect our value of taste. The position Hume holds in the essay is that some people who qualify as the â€Å"true† judges determine the good works of art. Hume discuss’ the receptive side of art criticism rather than the creative side that actually conceives and creates the art itself. The position Hume holds in the essay is that some people who qualify as the â€Å"true† judges determine the good works of art. For Hume, taste is the capacity for one to react and conceive responses based on external stimuli.This ability to correspond external stimuli with an init ial response or reaction is what we would call an â€Å"aesthetic experience†. When looking at works of art one can either accept it as pleasurable and attractive or disregard it as ugly or unpleasant. Both of these separate reactions require such experience to occur. In addition, the value judgments that occur in result indefinitely effect our value of taste. Hume contends that differences in aesthetic taste are too obvious and great to deny.It is the extent of these differences that indicate whether the reality of universal approval or disapproval effects an individuals taste. In almost every culture there will be a consensus or general analysis when evaluating certain works. Hume does not see a big difference between artistic and moral values. He corresponds the two as related and both a factor in the judgment of arts. Tastes are â€Å"sentiments† and opinions or â€Å"judgments†. While all sentiments coming from any individual could be considered right, only few judgments or opinions remain right.Taste is considered a sentiment and therefore subjective by all means. In relation things that exist such as beauty and deformity are also extremely subjective qualities. The sentiment therefore exist merely in the mind of the individual who contemplates them. Yet, this existence does not constitute a valid opinion or judgment based on what existing in the mind. Taste is irredeemably subjective, individual in scope, culturally and historically conditioned, therefore relativistic. It seems as if Hume is stuck between two different conclusions, relativism and objectivism. He mostly settles between the two